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What is a wolf?
A wolf is any of several species of true mammal that live mainly in the northern hemisphere and tropical regions of Earth. The characteristics of a wolf is determined by a combination of biology, behaviour, and threats, which can vary from habitat destruction to modern-day combat.
Conservation status of wolves in Europe
The International Union for the Conservation of Nature lists Europe as having one of the most significant wolf populations in the world. The European wolf population is listed as being “critically endangered” throughout its geographic range. The IUCN Rescue Plan for Europe states that the species is at a “high risk of extinction” due to “a combination of factors” and recommends that species be removed from all European lands where it occurs. The European Union established a wolf control plan in 2008, with European countries working to reduce the population and its range.
Migratory patterns of wolves in Europe
Wolves in Europe migrate both in spring and fall, and in winter. These migratory movements are organized around clear-winged insects called nuthatches, which are attracted by the dark coloration of migrating animals. wolves in Europe use this coloration to distinguish their own species from those of other wolves and avoid being detected by larger herbivores. In other words, when European wolves are breeding, they use camouflage to blend in with the larger species to reduce detection.
Other protected species of Europe
Europe also protects a number of bird species, including the European starling, European green Umibivory, European starling and European warbler. The six European bird species listed as “excepted” by the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species are the European starling, European green Umibivory, European starling and European warbler, European petrel, European starling and European warbler, European goose, and European cypress.
wolf endangerment and protection policy in the Nordic countries
The Nordic countries have strong conservation efforts toward the wolf in their regions. In Finland, where the species is listed as “endangered”, there has been a significant increase in wolf-human conflict in the past two decades. In the north of the country, the government has set up an official all-wolf advisory panel, working with local and international organizations, including the International Commission for the Protection of the wolf. The panel has held regular meetings to discuss current threats to the species and how best to protect it. The government has also protected areas around wolf- hydroelectric power plants and established a legal framework to protect the species in these areas. In the Nordic countries, wolves are listed as “endangered” in the protected areas. A “critical” listing means that there is a very low risk of extinction, and the population is estimated to be less than 1,000 animals.
Conclusion
A wolf is a species of big terrestrial carnivore that live in North America and Europe. The differences in the behaviour and appearance of wolves in northern and southern regions of North America are largely due to genetic difference, with the southern region being more closely associated with agriculture. In Europe, where the species is listed as “endangered,” there is a great deal of debate about what should be done with the species. The issue of wolf endangerment is of particular interest to conservationists, as it could well lead to the extinction of the species.
This article reviews the status of the wild wolf in Europe, including trends in population growth and decline, threats to the species, the Government of Finland’s Conservation Strategy, and efforts within the Nordic countries to protect the wolf. With the exception of Finland, the rest of Europe has a relatively high level of wildlife protection, with most countries having strong wildlife management systems. Most of the species in Europe are found only in temperate regions, but the species also occurs in sub-tropical and tropical regions.
These data indicate that the wild wolf is an endangered species in Europe, where it is found mainly in areas with frequent livestock and foreign travel. The species is threatened by a combination of factors that include habitat loss, conversion to agriculture, and the presence of livestock and wildlands that can be attracted by the presence of the species.
This work was supported in part by the Mascoutah Fund of the Natural Resources Defense Council.
The views and opinions expressed are those of the author and do not necessarily reflect the official position of The Land Series or its sponsors.
This work was supported in part by the Mascoutah Fund of the Natural Resources Defense Council.
